Pond biofilters do need bacteria starters
| Biofiltration and bio starters or bacteria starters I received a very interesting question from a lady reader this week. In essence the question was what is difference between a biofilter and the powder she throws into her pond every week as recommended by a dealer. The powder she was referring to is called a bio-starter or bacteria starter. These powder products are offered by many companies and are probably worthless in practise. Some products are available in liquid form. The powder is supposed to be a mixure of naturally occurring bacteria that are also found in biofilters. The types of bacteria required for effective biofiltration are nitrosomonas and nitrobacter. Nitrosomonas bacteria convert ammonia to nitrites and Nitrobacter bacteria convert nitrite to nitrate (in fact life is not as simple as this but this explanation suffices for this article). Some manufacturers claim that their bio starters contain Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Now it is extremely diffiult to freeze dry and keep alive such sensitive bacteria so any claim should be backed up by definitive proof of the fact that such powders do contain those bacteria and they are in a form that will work. If there was a viable population when packed then the question to be asked is are the bacteria still viable ater "x" weeks on a shelf in non-controlled conditions. If the concoction does not contain Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter then what value is it anyway? In these newsletters and my book I do my best to make sense out of pond keeping to save people money and hassles so they can enjoy their pond keeping and without having to do too much work. Here is a classic example of a product sold in large quantities world-wide without any value being added to a pond. A well known technical/practical writer on the subject of biofiltration is Gerry Preston. Gerry lives in the UK and is a regular contributor to Nishikigoi International magazine. Gerry claims spitting into the pond has as much value as adding bio staters and probably more. Spit apparently contains living Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. For reasons explained in a previous edition a biofilter is absolutely essential if you want to keep fish in a pond. In my opinion it is cruel not to install a biofilter since without a biofilter the fish will live in a potentially highly toxic environment. A biofilter will automatically start itself up once fish are introduced into a pond. Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are naturally occurring and will rapidly find their own way into the filter. They then need oxygen from circulating water as well as excreted ammonia from the fish (this occurs naturally) to thrive and multiply.
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